Can Iron Supplements Make You Constipated?

Can iron supplements make you constipated? Iron supplements are commonly used to treat iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. These are conditions where the body doesn’t have enough iron to produce healthy red blood cells. Iron is crucial for making hemoglobin, the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.

While effective in boosting iron levels, these supplements can sometimes lead to uncomfortable side effects, with constipation being a frequent concern. Therefore, yes, iron supplements can cause constipation.

Understanding Iron Supplements

Iron supplements are available in various forms, including pills, liquids and even powders. These supplements are used to treat low iron levels or iron deficiency anemia, helping to keep iron levels in a healthy range. There are two types of iron supplements – heme and non-heme iron supplements.

Heme-based iron supplements, derived from animal sources, are absorbed more easily.

Iron supplements can cause side effects. Common gastrointestinal side effects include nausea, stomach pain, gas or bloating, diarrhea, and dark stools. Some individuals may experience stomach aches or cramps.

Do Iron Supplements Cause Constipation?

Iron supplements can indeed lead to constipation. Non-heme iron that isn’t completely absorbed may build up in the digestive tract, potentially causing constipation. This is especially problematic for those with sensitive digestive systems. Additionally, unabsorbed non-heme iron can interact with other substances in the gut, increasing water absorption and making stools harder and less bulky, further contributing to constipation.

Common Symptoms of Constipation from Iron Supplements

When experiencing constipation due to iron supplements, individuals may have hard stools that are difficult to pass. There might be fewer than three bowel movements a week. Even when there is a bowel movement, there may be a feeling of not having completely emptied the bowels.

Managing Iron Supplement Side Effects

There are several strategies that can help manage constipation from iron supplements:

• Stay hydrated: Drink enough water each day to help keep stools soft
• Increase fiber intake: Add fiber-rich foods to your diet, such as vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and fruits
• Don’t delay bowel movements: Go to the bathroom when you feel the urge
• Talk to your healthcare team about other medications: Some medications can also cause constipation, so discussing your medication list with your doctor is important
• Consider switching iron formulations: If constipation develops, your doctor may suggest that you switch from non-heme iron to heme iron supplements
• Take iron with vitamin C: Taking your non-heme iron supplement with vitamin C may help absorption and reduce side effects

When to Consult a Healthcare Provider

It is important to talk to your healthcare team if you develop constipation or any other side effects while taking iron supplements. Seek medical attention as soon as possible if you experience severe constipation, stomach pain, or nausea, or any of the following symptoms:

• Constant abdominal pain
• Vomiting
• Trapped gas
• Lower back pain
• Cramps, sharp pains, or soreness in the stomach

Your healthcare provider can help determine the best course of action, which may involve adjusting your iron dosage, switching to a different formulation, or recommending strategies to manage the constipation so you can continue your iron therapy.

Conclusion

Iron supplements are commonly used to treat iron deficiency but can cause constipation, especially non-heme supplements that are harder to absorb. Symptoms include hard, infrequent stools and a feeling of incomplete bowel movements. Managing side effects of iron supplements involves staying hydrated, eating more fiber, and possibly switching to heme iron or taking iron with vitamin C. If severe symptoms like persistent pain or vomiting occur, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider for guidance.

References

Medical News Today: Do Iron Supplements Cause Constipation?
GoodRx: Iron Supplements and Constipation: What’s the Link?
MyHealth.Alberta.ca: Learning About Iron Supplements
MedlinePlus: Taking Iron Supplements